AI Enforcement: Examining the Impact of AI on Judicial Fairness and Public Safety by Yi-Jen (Ian) Ho, Wael Jabr, Yifan Zhang :: SSRN

More importantly, we find that the AI’s recommendations impact judicial fairness in two opposite directions. On the one hand, while judges are typically more lenient with female offenders than males, AI helps alleviate such gender-based disparity. On the other hand, as judges maintain fair sentencing without the presence of the recommendations, we find evidence of a racial bias favoring White offenders over Black ones with the recommendations.